{"id":212830,"date":"2026-04-26T09:34:23","date_gmt":"2026-04-26T13:34:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/infoelnuevonorte.com\/?p=212830"},"modified":"2026-04-26T09:34:24","modified_gmt":"2026-04-26T13:34:24","slug":"cinco-cosas-que-hay-que-saber-40-anos-despues-de-la-catastrofe-de-chernobil","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/infoelnuevonorte.com\/?p=212830","title":{"rendered":"Cinco cosas que hay que saber 40 a\u00f1os despu\u00e9s de la cat\u00e1strofe de Chern\u00f3bil"},"content":{"rendered":"<!--[if lt IE 9]><script>document.createElement('audio');<\/script><![endif]-->\n<audio class=\"wp-audio-shortcode\" id=\"audio-212830-1\" preload=\"none\" style=\"width: 100%;\" controls=\"controls\"><source type=\"audio\/mpeg\" src=\"https:\/\/infoelnuevonorte.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/ttsmaker-vip-file-2026-4-26-9-33-26.mp3?_=1\" \/><a href=\"https:\/\/infoelnuevonorte.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/ttsmaker-vip-file-2026-4-26-9-33-26.mp3\">https:\/\/infoelnuevonorte.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/ttsmaker-vip-file-2026-4-26-9-33-26.mp3<\/a><\/audio>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Ucrania<\/strong>\u00a0conmemora este domingo el\u00a0<strong>40\u00ba aniversario<\/strong>\u00a0de la\u00a0<strong>explosi\u00f3n<\/strong>\u00a0en la\u00a0<strong>central<\/strong>\u00a0nuclear de\u00a0<strong>Chern\u00f3bil<\/strong>\u00a0que desat\u00f3 la peor cat\u00e1strofe nuclear civil de la historia.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Esta fecha se recuerda m\u00e1s de cuatro a\u00f1os despu\u00e9s de la\u00a0<strong>invasi\u00f3n rusa<\/strong>, que ha vuelto a poner en peligro la planta y aumentado el riesgo de que se produzca otra tragedia radiactiva.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">A continuaci\u00f3n,\u00a0<strong>cinco cosas<\/strong>\u00a0que hay que saber sobre este\u00a0<strong>desastre<\/strong>\u00a0y la\u00a0<strong>situaci\u00f3n actual<\/strong>\u00a0de la instalaci\u00f3n nuclear:<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Explosi\u00f3n<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">A la 01H23 del 26 de abril de 1986, un error humano durante una prueba de seguridad provoc\u00f3 una\u00a0<strong>explosi\u00f3n<\/strong>\u00a0en el\u00a0<strong>reactor n\u00famero cuatro<\/strong>\u00a0de\u00a0<strong>Chern\u00f3bil<\/strong>, en el norte de\u00a0<strong>Ucrania<\/strong>, que entonces formaba parte de la Uni\u00f3n Sovi\u00e9tica.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">El estallido destroz\u00f3 el interior del edificio y lanz\u00f3 una nube de humo radiactivo a la atm\u00f3sfera, mientras que el\u00a0<strong>combustible nuclear<\/strong>\u00a0ardi\u00f3 durante m\u00e1s de 10 d\u00edas.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Se lanzaron miles de toneladas de\u00a0<strong>arena<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>arcilla<\/strong>\u00a0y\u00a0<strong>lingotes de plomo<\/strong>\u00a0desde helic\u00f3pteros para contener la fuga radiactiva.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">El Organismo Internacional de Energ\u00eda At\u00f3mica (<strong>OIEA<\/strong>) determin\u00f3 que la causa principal del\u00a0<strong>desastre<\/strong> fueron \"graves deficiencias en el dise\u00f1o del reactor y del sistema de apagado\", combinadas con el \"incumplimiento\" de los procedimientos operativos.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Nube radiactiva<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">En los d\u00edas siguientes, la\u00a0<strong>nube radiactiva<\/strong>\u00a0contamin\u00f3 gravemente\u00a0<strong>Ucrania<\/strong>, Bielorrusia y Rusia antes de extenderse por toda\u00a0<strong>Europa<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">La primera\u00a0<strong>alerta p\u00fablica<\/strong>\u00a0se emiti\u00f3 solo dos d\u00edas despu\u00e9s, el\u00a0<strong>28 de abril<\/strong>, cuando\u00a0<strong>Suecia<\/strong>\u00a0detect\u00f3 un pico en los niveles de radiaci\u00f3n en su territorio.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">El\u00a0<strong>OIEA<\/strong>\u00a0fue notificado oficialmente del accidente el 30 de abril, pero el l\u00edder sovi\u00e9tico Mija\u00edl\u00a0<strong>Gorbachov<\/strong>\u00a0no lo reconoci\u00f3 p\u00fablicamente hasta el 14 de mayo.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Se estima que miles de personas\u00a0<strong>fallecieron<\/strong>\u00a0como consecuencia de la exposici\u00f3n a la radiaci\u00f3n, aunque var\u00edan las\u00a0<strong>estimaciones<\/strong> del n\u00famero exacto de v\u00edctimas.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Un informe de la ONU de 2005 estim\u00f3 en 4,000 el n\u00famero de muertes comprobadas o previstas en los tres pa\u00edses m\u00e1s afectados.\u00a0<strong>Greenpeace<\/strong>\u00a0calcul\u00f3 en 2006 que el\u00a0<strong>desastre<\/strong>\u00a0caus\u00f3 cerca de 100,000 muertos.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Seg\u00fan\u00a0<strong>Naciones Unidas<\/strong>, unas 600,000 personas que participaron en las operaciones de limpieza y contenci\u00f3n, conocidas como \"liquidadores\", estuvieron expuestas a\u00a0<strong>altos niveles<\/strong> de radiaci\u00f3n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Esta cat\u00e1strofe aument\u00f3 el\u00a0<strong>temor<\/strong>\u00a0del p\u00fablico hacia la\u00a0<strong>energ\u00eda nuclear<\/strong>, lo que impuls\u00f3 un auge de los\u00a0<strong>movimientos antinucleares<\/strong>\u00a0en toda\u00a0<strong>Europa<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Ocupaci\u00f3n rusa<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Las fuerzas rusas ocuparon la\u00a0<strong>central<\/strong>\u00a0el primer d\u00eda de la invasi\u00f3n de\u00a0<strong>Ucrania<\/strong>\u00a0iniciada en 2022.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Se tomaron la\u00a0<strong>central<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>sin combates<\/strong>\u00a0tras enviar decenas de miles de soldados y cientos de\u00a0<strong>tanques<\/strong>\u00a0a\u00a0<strong>Ucrania<\/strong>\u00a0desde Bielorrusia, aliado cercano de Mosc\u00fa.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Los\u00a0<strong>soldados rusos<\/strong>\u00a0cavaron\u00a0<strong>trincheras<\/strong>\u00a0y establecieron\u00a0<strong>campamentos<\/strong>\u00a0en zonas como el llamado\u00a0<strong>Bosque Rojo<\/strong>, denominado as\u00ed por el color que adquirieron los \u00e1rboles tras la\u00a0<strong>explosi\u00f3n<\/strong>\u00a0radiactiva.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Su toma de la planta inactiva suscit\u00f3 un intenso\u00a0<strong>temor<\/strong>\u00a0a que un incidente militar pudiera desencadenar otro\u00a0<strong>desastre<\/strong>\u00a0nuclear en el lugar.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">El ej\u00e9rcito ruso se retir\u00f3 aproximadamente\u00a0<strong>un mes<\/strong>\u00a0despu\u00e9s del inicio de la guerra, tras su fracaso para tomarse la capital, Kiev, ubicada a unos 130 km de\u00a0<strong>Chern\u00f3bil<\/strong>, y donde hubo una feroz\u00a0<strong>resistencia ucraniana<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Nuevas amenazas<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Los restos de la\u00a0<strong>central<\/strong>\u00a0est\u00e1n cubiertos por una estructura interna de acero y\u00a0<strong>hormig\u00f3n<\/strong>\u00a0conocida como el\u00a0<strong>sarc\u00f3fago<\/strong>, construida a toda prisa tras la emergencia de 1986.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Entre 2016 y 2017 se instal\u00f3 una nueva\u00a0<strong>cubierta exterior<\/strong>\u00a0de alta tecnolog\u00eda, denominada el\u00a0<strong>Nuevo Confinamiento Seguro<\/strong>\u00a0y dise\u00f1ada para sustituir finalmente al\u00a0<strong>sarc\u00f3fago<\/strong>, que no estaba pensado como una soluci\u00f3n permanente.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Esta enorme\u00a0<strong>estructura met\u00e1lica<\/strong>\u00a0exterior fue perforada por un\u00a0<strong>dron ruso<\/strong>\u00a0en febrero de 2025, por lo que perdi\u00f3 su capacidad para contener la radiaci\u00f3n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">En un informe publicado en abril,\u00a0<strong>Greenpeace<\/strong>\u00a0se\u00f1al\u00f3 que, dado que la cubierta \"no puede repararse por el momento, y no puede funcionar como fue dise\u00f1ada, existe la posibilidad de\u00a0<strong>fugas radiactivas<\/strong>\".<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Se espera que las\u00a0<strong>reparaciones<\/strong>\u00a0duren entre tres y cuatro\u00a0<strong>a\u00f1os.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Otro\u00a0<strong>ataque ruso<\/strong>\u00a0podr\u00eda provocar el colapso del refugio contra la radiaci\u00f3n, declar\u00f3 el director de la\u00a0<strong>central<\/strong>\u00a0a la AFP en diciembre de 2025.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Zona de exclusi\u00f3n<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">El \u00e1rea alrededor de la\u00a0<strong>central<\/strong>\u00a0fue\u00a0<strong>evacuada<\/strong>\u00a0y se convirti\u00f3 en una\u00a0<strong>zona de exclusi\u00f3n<\/strong>, con pueblos, campos y bosques abandonados.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">En total, m\u00e1s de 2,200 kil\u00f3metros cuadrados en el norte de\u00a0<strong>Ucrania<\/strong>\u00a0y 2,600 kil\u00f3metros cuadrados en el sur de Bielorrusia son, en la pr\u00e1ctica,\u00a0<strong>inhabitables<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">La gente no podr\u00e1 vivir all\u00ed de forma segura durante los pr\u00f3ximos\u00a0<strong>24,000 a\u00f1os<\/strong>, seg\u00fan el\u00a0<strong>OIEA<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">La ciudad de\u00a0<strong>Pripyat<\/strong>, a tres kil\u00f3metros de la\u00a0<strong>central<\/strong>\u00a0y con una poblaci\u00f3n de\u00a0<strong>48,000 habitantes<\/strong>\u00a0en 1986, fue completamente\u00a0<strong>evacuada<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Permanece\u00a0<strong>abandonada<\/strong>, con sus\u00a0<strong>edificios vac\u00edos<\/strong>\u00a0y en ruinas, incluido un parque de atracciones oxidado y una noria, que la hacen parecer una\u00a0<strong>ciudad fantasma<\/strong>\u00a0postapocal\u00edptica.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Antes de la\u00a0<strong>invasi\u00f3n rusa<\/strong>\u00a0de 2022 era posible realizar\u00a0<strong>visitas guiadas<\/strong>\u00a0al lugar, pero desde hace casi tres a\u00f1os la zona permanece cerrada a los turistas.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">Sin presencia humana, la regi\u00f3n se ha convertido pr\u00e1cticamente en una vasta\u00a0<strong>reserva natural<\/strong>, donde en 1998 se reintrodujo el\u00a0<strong>caballo de Przewalski<\/strong>, una especie rara y en peligro de extinci\u00f3n.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<div id=\"DenunciayAPP\" class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-constrained wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\">\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/whatsapp.com\/channel\/0029Va88WGP2ER6ZxD6TCa3U\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-155512\" 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https:\/\/infoelnuevonorte.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/Logo-3d-infoenn-con-fondo-blanco-1068x383.jpg 1068w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 240px) 100vw, 240px\" \/><\/a>El Nuevo Norte<\/strong> es un peri\u00f3dico digital dominicano fundado el <strong data-start=\"65\" data-end=\"90\">12 de febrero de 2006<\/strong> por el periodista <strong data-start=\"109\" data-end=\"129\">Junior Henr\u00edquez<\/strong>, quien funge como director y fundador. A trav\u00e9s de la web <strong data-start=\"188\" data-end=\"212\">infoelnuevonorte.com<\/strong>, el medio ofrece informaci\u00f3n veraz y oportuna sobre los acontecimientos sociales, pol\u00edticos, comunitarios y de actualidad general, tanto a nivel nacional como internacional, promoviendo un periodismo responsable, participativo y comprometido con la libre expresi\u00f3n y el fortalecimiento de la democracia informativa.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ucrania\u00a0conmemora este domingo el\u00a040\u00ba aniversario\u00a0de la\u00a0explosi\u00f3n\u00a0en la\u00a0central\u00a0nuclear de\u00a0Chern\u00f3bil\u00a0que desat\u00f3 la peor cat\u00e1strofe nuclear civil de la historia. Esta fecha se recuerda m\u00e1s de cuatro a\u00f1os despu\u00e9s de la\u00a0invasi\u00f3n rusa, que ha vuelto a poner en peligro la planta y aumentado el riesgo de que se produzca otra tragedia radiactiva. A continuaci\u00f3n,\u00a0cinco cosas\u00a0que hay que saber [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":212832,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v24.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Cinco cosas que hay que saber 40 a\u00f1os despu\u00e9s de la cat\u00e1strofe de Chern\u00f3bil | El Nuevo Norte<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/infoelnuevonorte.com\/?p=212830\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"es_ES\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Cinco cosas que hay que saber 40 a\u00f1os despu\u00e9s de la cat\u00e1strofe de Chern\u00f3bil | El Nuevo Norte\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ucrania\u00a0conmemora este domingo el\u00a040\u00ba aniversario\u00a0de la\u00a0explosi\u00f3n\u00a0en la\u00a0central\u00a0nuclear de\u00a0Chern\u00f3bil\u00a0que desat\u00f3 la peor cat\u00e1strofe nuclear civil de la historia. Esta fecha se recuerda m\u00e1s de cuatro a\u00f1os despu\u00e9s de la\u00a0invasi\u00f3n rusa, que ha vuelto a poner en peligro la planta y aumentado el riesgo de que se produzca otra tragedia radiactiva. A continuaci\u00f3n,\u00a0cinco cosas\u00a0que hay que saber [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/infoelnuevonorte.com\/?p=212830\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"El Nuevo Norte\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/infoenn\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2026-04-26T13:34:23+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-04-26T13:34:24+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/infoelnuevonorte.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/04\/descarga-2026-04-26T093153.395.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"896\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"504\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"T. 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